It contains 477 passwords, which is fine for our practice lab. usr/share/wordlists/fern-wifi/common.txt There are many bad password policies in place, and while people are getting better at protecting their email and other online accounts, things like WiFi still take a back seat.įor our lab, we will be using a password list included with Kali Linux. However, if the password is on that list, the cracking will be much faster. We doubt you’ll want to sit for this long looking to get WiFi access.Ī dictionary attack is only as strong as its password list. The problem is a complex password (12 characters, upper and lower case letters with numbers and symbols) could literally take tens of thousands of years to crack with current technology. A dictionary attack is guaranteed to work eventually. For example, if you know the password is between six and eight characters and contains upper and lower case letters and numbers but no special characters, the brute force attack might try “ Aaaaa1,” “ AAaaa1,” “ AAAaa1,” etc., until it finds a match.Įach attack has its benefits and drawbacks. This differs from a brute force attack, which tries every combination of characters based on the rules you prescribe. For this, you need a password list to try. What Are Dictionary Attacks?Ī dictionary attack is the process of running through a preset list of words to see if any match the password you are looking to crack. Many businesses small to medium-sized businesses and any home routers are likely to be set to WPA2, which is what we will be hacking today. This means instead of one password to access the WiFi for everyone (like you would see at home), each user would have their own username and password.Īttacking WPA2 Enterprise is beyond the scope of this article. The difference between them, in a very high-level and simplified explanation, is the Enterprise version will have a secure login for every member of the domain. The common encryption methods you will run into are WPA2 and WPA2 Enterprise. If you see it on a penetration test, you can clock out early that afternoon, as it is the easiest wireless hack you’ll ever perform. Some routers will still come with it as an option for legacy reasons. This is completely depreciated, as it can be hacked in literally seconds. Despite the name, it is far from being as private as a wired connection. There are several encryption types to choose from when securing a wireless network. Instead, we’re just going to talk about encryption. We won’t go into the entire history of the 802.11 wireless standards. Now all communication will be through our wireless card. We want to disable all network adapters for this virtual machine, so unclick Enable Network Adapter in all four tabs. Once selected, click OK.īack on the manager Windows, click Network this time. It may not list the manufacturer, but instead list the chipset, as you can see in our image below. You want to add your new network adapter. Now click the green plus sign on the right-hand side. You will now see a page giving you various details about your virtual machine instance, such as the base memory, any shared folders connected to it, and the hard disk details.Ĭlick on USB to bring up the USB settings menu. Select your Kali instance, click the list icon, and choose Details. To connect your wireless adapter, follow these steps.įirst, make sure your virtual machine instance is shut down. If you don’t have Kali Linux installed, see our article How To Install Kali Linux on VirtualBox. Specifically, we are using this adapter with Kali Linux 2022.4 running in VirtualBox on a Razer BlBasic laptop. You can see our top choices for Kali Linux-compatible WiFi adapters here. This particular adapter is now end-of-life and discontinued, but it still serves its purpose. You will need to purchase an external network adapter – and it has to have these specific (and uncommon) abilities.įor this article, we will be using Kali Linux with the ALFA AWUS036NEH Long Range adapter. It is almost certain that your onboard network card is incapable of this. Make sure you card is capable of performing packet injection.Make sure your card supports monitor mode/promiscuous mode.To hack a wireless network, you need a wireless card with two features: This will include the necessary hardware, software, and an understanding of wireless technologies and dictionary attacks. There’s some background we need to cover before you can start hacking.
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